What vital signs are associated with cocaine use?

Cocaine use is known to stimulate the central nervous system, leading to several characteristic changes in vital signs. The correct answer highlights hypertension and tachycardia as common responses to cocaine use. Cocaine acts as a sympathomimetic agent, which means it mimics the effects of adrenaline in the body. This results in an increased heart rate (tachycardia) due to heightened sympathetic activity and elevated blood pressure (hypertension) due to increased arterial tone and cardiac output.

These changes can lead to increased stress on the cardiovascular system, potentially resulting in serious complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and even strokes in heavy users. Monitoring these vital signs is crucial for healthcare providers managing patients who have used cocaine, as early intervention can be vital in preventing further complications.

Other options suggest different combinations of vital signs that are not typically associated with cocaine use, such as hypotension and bradycardia, which are not consistent with its sympathomimetic effects. Normal blood pressure with an elevated heart rate could occur in some individuals, but it does not reflect the typical response to cocaine. Variable blood pressure and irregular heart rate may indicate underlying complications but are not the hallmark signs of acute cocaine use.